Consumer Confidence Highest In 16 Years

Financial FAQs

The Conference Board’s Consumer Confidence Index soared to its highest level in 16 years. Its Consumer Confidence Index®, which had already increased in February, improved again in March. The Index now stands at 125.6 (1985=100), up from 116.1 in February. The Present Situation Index rose from 134.4 to 143.1 and the Expectations Index increased from 103.9 last month to 113.8.

Graph: Econoday

“Consumer confidence increased sharply in March to its highest level since December 2000 (Index, 128.6),” said Lynn Franco, Director of Economic Indicators at The Conference Board. “Consumers’ assessment of current business and labor market conditions improved considerably. Consumers also expressed much greater optimism regarding the short-term outlook for business, jobs and personal income prospects. Thus, consumers feel current economic conditions have improved over the recent period, and their renewed optimism suggests the possibility of some upside to the prospects for economic growth in the coming months.”

But the survey was completed before Republicans pulled the Obamacare repeal bill. And if Congress can’t agree on passage of tax reform legislation, which will be just as controversial, then such optimism could turn into pessimism that has haunted past deadlocked Congresses.

And interest rates are falling, even with the Federal Reserve predicting it might continue to boost short term rates. For instance, the 10-year Treasury yield has dropped to 2.35 percent, unheard of except when economic growth has slowed to a crawl, or a recession is looming.

This is what happens when the so-called Treasury yield curve flattens. Then there is less room for banking profits, since short term rates the Fed controls are basically banks’ cost of doing business, and longer term rates are what they earn when they lend money.

Consumers were significantly more optimistic about the short-term outlook. The percentage of consumers expecting business conditions to improve over the next six months increased from 23.9 percent to 27.1 percent, while those expecting business conditions to worsen declined from 10.5 percent to 8.4 percent.

Consumers’ outlook for the labor market was also more upbeat. The proportion expecting more jobs in the months ahead increased from 20.9 percent to 24.8 percent, while those anticipating fewer jobs declined from 13.6 percent to 12.2 percent. The percentage of consumers expecting their incomes to increase improved from 19.2 percent to 21.5 percent, while the proportion expecting a decrease declined from 8.1 percent to 7.0 percent.

But these heightened expectations can only be fulfilled with a Trump team that knows what it is doing, which President Trump will eventually realize requires skilled and knowledgeable people to run the various government agencies, rather than the ideologues he has been appointing to date that are intent on “de-constructing” government, to use the words of Breitbart’s Steve Bannon, now his chief White House strategist.

Harlan Green © 2017

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Slower Q4 Growth, (But) Higher Consumer Confidence

Financial FAQs

The growth in the U.S. economy in the final quarter of Barack Obama’s presidency remained at 1.9 percent, held down by a bigger trade deficit even as consumer spending rebounded strongly. In fact, Q4 GDP growth slowed in part because consumers are spending more, thus boosting imports (which is subtracted from GDP), while exports have been weaker due to the stronger US dollar.

This is while the Conference Board's consumer confidence index continues to make new post-election highs and new cycle highs at a 114.8 February level, which beats consensus estimates and makes for a strong 3.2 point gain from January.

Graph: Econoday

But how long will this ‘Trump’ enthusiasm effect last, with his historically low approval ratings for a new president (at least among Democrats and Independents), as well as his failure to start his term with a burst of substantial legislation, as Barack Obama did, writes New York Times Op-ed columnist David Leonhardt?

“The political scientist Matt Glassman in a recent tweetstorm had the best summary I’ve seen,” said Leonhardt. “First, it is radically unusual that party Senators are opposing the President AT ALL. It’s basically unprecedented,” Glassman wrote. “In a normal presidency, party Senators would be on TV constantly, pushing the President’s message and defending his policies.”

The government’s second look at gross domestic product in the fourth quarter showed a bigger increase in purchases by consumers than initially reported: 3 percent vs. 2.5 percent. What Americans spend has the biggest influence by far on GDP (as much as two-thirds of GDP), and the official scorecard for the U.S. economy.

Yet the increase in what consumers spent was offset by somewhat smaller gains in business investment and local and state spending, revised government figures reveal. As a result, GDP was unchanged from the original estimate.

Consumer confidence is rising in tandem with retail sales. Retail sales are making a breakout of their own. It's an upward revision to what was already a strong December, now at a 1.0 percent surge. This goes in the books as the best December since 2004, reports Econoday. Retail sales have now posted five straight monthly gains in a streak that was last matched 3 years ago, back in early 2014.

Graph: Econoday

The Conference Board’s Consumer Confidence report included an 8 tenths dip in those saying jobs are currently hard to get to a very low 20.3 percent, a reading that points to strength for the February employment report coming this Friday. Expectations for future jobs are also strengthening with more, 20.4 percent, more opening up and fewer, at 13.6 percent, seeing less jobs ahead.

Strength in jobs sentiment also makes for strength in income expectations where the spread between optimists and pessimists (18.3 vs 8.2 percent) is a very healthy 10.1 percentage points.

Other details include an uptick in buying plans for autos and no change in inflation expectations, which are at 4.9 percent, soft for this particular confidence reading. Higher confidence has to be the major reason consumers have opened their pocket books, but how long will this last? Much of it is due to initial enthusiasm that President Trump can carry out his agenda announced in last night’s congressional speech.

That is the question, with so many intelligence scandals and conflicts of interest surrounding him. He has to first prove he can lead his own party, which isn’t the case so far.

Harlan Green © 2017

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Holiday Cheers--Consumers Feeling Happier!

Popular Economics Weekly

It’s back to school time, and consumers are feeling the holiday spirit already. Americans in September were most optimistic about the economy since the summer of 2007, in part because of a happier view of the U.S. labor market. And coupled with rising wages, could mean a very good holiday season for businesses.

The index of consumer confidence climbed to 104.1 this month from 101.8 in August, the Conference Board said Tuesday. That’s well above the 99.3 forecast of economists and it marks the highest level since August 2007, just a few months before the onset of the Great Recession.

The Conference Board says it is about better job security, but I believe rising wages are a better reason for optimism. The present situation index, a measure of current conditions, climbed to 128.5 from 125.3. That’s also the highest level since August 2007.

“Consumers’ assessment of present-day conditions improved, primarily the result of a more positive view of the labor market,” said Lynn Franco, director of economic indicators at the board. “Looking ahead, consumers are more upbeat about the short-term employment outlook, but somewhat neutral about business conditions and income prospects.”

But there is also new data showing middle-class household incomes growing at the fastest rate since the recession, which seemed to confirm that a recovery is finally touching the lives of ordinary, especially middle-class Americans.

This may shake up retail sales that have also been in a summer swoon, because the largest wage growth is occurring in the lowest income brackets that have to spend most, if not all, of their incomes to maintain a decent standard of living.

Graph: Marketwatch

This could largely be due to the rise in the minimum wage in some large cities, of course. The official poverty rate fell 1.2 percentage points between 2014 and 2015 to 13.5 percent, and the number of people in poverty fell by 3.5 million, says the Census Bureau. The threshold for a family of two adults and two children to be considered living in poverty was $24,036. 

Rising consumer confidence is a good sign for continued economic growth, needless to say. But will it be enough to get us out of the 2 percent GDP growth rate of late? We will actually need much more, like more capital expenditures that have been cut back during the years when budget cuts were the priority, rather than productive investments.

Harlan Green © 2016

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Conference Board’s Leading Economic Indicators Near Highs

Financial FAQs

The Conference Board Leading Economic Index® (LEI) for the U.S. increased 0.6 percent in November to 105.5 (2004 = 100), following a 0.6 percent increase in October, and a 0.8 percent increase in September.

It is a further sign of strong U.S. growth in the months ahead, maybe as high as 4 percent over the next 2 quarters. GDP growth has already averaged 4.25 percent over the last 2 quarters.

Graph: Trading Economics

“The increase in the LEI signals continued moderate growth through the winter season,” said Ken Goldstein, Economist at The Conference Board. “The biggest challenge has been, and remains, more income growth. However, with labor market conditions tightening, we are seeing the first signs of wage growth starting to pick up.”

Graph: Econoday

“Widespread and persistent gains in the LEI point to strong underlying conditions in the U.S. economic expansion,” said Ataman Ozyildirim, Economist at The Conference Board. “The current situation, measured by the coincident economic index, has been improving steadily, with employment and industrial production making the largest contributions in November.”

Graph: Calculated Risk

Much of the better job numbers come from industrial production that increased 1.3 percent in November after edging up in October. Manufacturing output increased 1.1 percent, with widespread gains among industries. Factory output was well above its average monthly pace of 0.3 percent over the previous five months and was its largest gain since February. It is up 13.2 percent from its low point in 2009, according to Calculated Risk.

Janet Yellen’s Federal Reserve also helped to boost growth prospects with her post-FOMC press conference in which she said that the Fed’s rates would not increase until long term job and wage growth showed a sustained pickup.

Nobelist Paul Krugman believes the Fed might wait even longer to raise their rates. “Basically, while growth and job creation have finally been pretty good lately, there is so far no sign whatever that the economy is overheating. Core inflation remains below the Fed’s target (the Fed focuses on a different measure that usually runs lower than the CPI, so this report is actually fairly far below target.)

“In fact, the opposite is happening. Domestic and worldwide inflation continues to fall, largely because of falling oil prices, which signals less use of petroleum products, ergo slowing business activity in other parts of the world. The U.S. seems to be the exception, in what we have come to call a ‘goldilocks economy’—growth without overheating.”

So we seem to have returned to a goldilocks economy much like that the 1990s that sustained high job and economic growth with little or no inflation, thanks to plentiful oil supplies that are projected to last for several years, at least.

Harlan Green © 2014

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GDP Growth Higher, Case-Shiller Prices Steady

The Mortgage Corner

The economy in the second and third quarters posted its best back-to-back growth in 11 years, And the Conference Board’s Index of Leading Economic Indicators showed strong growth over the next six months. offering fresh evidence that the U.S. will enter the new year with good momentum.

The government last Tuesday said gross domestic product rose at a 3.9 percent annual pace in the third quarter instead of 3.5 percent. Combined with a 4.6 percent gain in the second quarter, the U.S. has posted its best six-month stretch of growth since the middle of 2003.

Graph: Trading Economics

The Conference Board Leading Economic Index® (LEI) for the U.S. increased 0.9 percent in October to 105.2 (2004 = 100), following a 0.7 percent increase in September, and no change in August.

“The LEI rose sharply in October, with all components gaining over the previous six months,” said Ataman Ozyildirim, Economist at The Conference Board. “Despite a negative contribution from stock prices in October, and minimal contributions from new orders for consumer goods and average workweek in manufacturing, the LEI suggests the U.S. expansion continues to be strong.”

The largest of the 10 contributors were manufacturer’s new orders, up some 10 percent, and the 10-year Treasury bond rate dropping from 2.62 percent to 2.21 percent, boosting consumer spending and housing sales.

“The upward trend in the LEI points to continued economic growth through the holiday season and into early 2015,” said Ken Goldstein, Economist at The Conference Board. “This is consistent with our outlook for relatively good, but not great, consumer demand over the near term. Going forward, there are continued concerns about slow business investment and lackluster income growth.”

 

Graph: Econoday

S&P/Case-Shiller reported almost half of major cities tracked in Tuesday’s housing data saw prices fall in September, while almost half saw them rise,. Overall, the gauge of home prices in 20 cities was basically unchanged in September, ticking down .03 percent, a sign the summer sales market has ended.

Annnual growth cooled as well, with year-over-year home prices rising 4.9 percent in September — the slowest pace since October 2012 — compared with annual growth of 5.6 percent in August.

Here’s a chart summarizing the results:

The leaders were Charlotte, NC, and Miami, while the year-over-year leaders in price rises were again Miami, Las Vegas and San Francisco. With the Federal Housing Finance Authority loosening some conforming mortgage qualification standards, and if conforming interest rates remain below 4 percent, we could see overall housing prices stabilize and maybe even begin to rise again in 2015.

But it all depends on the jobs market, of course, and we see robust job growth continuing into the first half of 2015, as well, before the Fed begins to raise their short term interest rates.

Harlan Green © 2014

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Consumer Confidence Surging, Why Not Spending?

Popular Economics Weekly

Consumer confidence is up led by strength in the current assessment, which points to gains for consumer readings in August. But why aren’t consumers spending more, if so? Auto sales are up, but retail sales overall are flat at the moment. The answer may be consumers are waiting for better results in next Friday’s jobs report—maybe an unemployment rate below 6 percent, anyone?

Consumer confidence rose 2.1 points to a new recovery high of 92.4 reflecting a 6.7 point surge in the present situation component to 94.6. The gain in this component reflects improvement in August employment with substantially more consumers saying jobs are now plentiful, at 18.2 percent vs July's 15.6 percent, and a bit fewer saying jobs are currently hard to get, at 30.6 percent vs July's 30.9 percent.

Graph: Econoday

The problem with retail sales seems to be that households want to save more and spend less for the moment. Spending jumped in March that had been suppressed by the severe winter, so it may be an evening out of overall sales, still rising at 4 percent per annum. And ICSC-Goldman just reported sales up for the week of August 23, signaling strong back-to-school buying. Same-store sales rose 0.6 percent in the August 23 week for a very strong year-on-year rate of plus 4.2 percent. The report cites strength across most categories and general strength for back-to-school demand. So it may be seasonal factors causing the month-to-month fluctuations.

Graph: Calculated Risk

What do consumers really want, is the larger question? Next week’s jobs’ report may tell us more, as I said. If job creation continues to grow, we can see increased optimism. The Labor Department’s latest JOLTS report of job Quits and Hirings is telling us the number of job openings continues to grow. Jobs openings (yellow line in graph) increased in June to 4.671 million from 4.577 million in May and are up 18 percent year-over-year compared to June 2013.

The number of Hires (blue line) rose to 4.8 million from 4.7 million, the highest since 2006. It’s therefore only a matter of time before workers begin to fill those job openings, then look out for increased consumer spending, the main driver of economic growth and so job creation.

Harlan Green © 2014

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Are Consumers Losing Confidence in Housing??

The Mortgage Corner

The unanswered question to date is how the debt ceiling impasse and government shutdown has affected economic activity.  Both the industrial and service sectors have shown stronger growth, according to the Institute of Supply Management (ISM).  But real estate is another story.  Pending home sales in the NAR’s Pending Home Sale Index doesn’t look good. The index that measures home sales under contract, but not closed, has been declining for 4 months, a sure sign that housing sales, at least, are faltering.

This is in part because consumer confidence is faltering, as consumers lose confidence in government’s ability to function.  The shutdown endangered much more than 800,000 furloughed defense workers.  Combined with huge cuts in food stamps, no farm aid bill, and a not yet functioning Affordable Care Act, the shutdown and debt ceiling impasse has spooked consumers big time.

Graph: Econoday

Year-on-year, the index is down 1.2 percent for the first negative reading in nearly 2-1/2 years. The National Association of Realtors (NAR), which compiles the report, cites as a major factor the government shutdown which it says pushed government workers and contractors to the sidelines of the housing market.

NAR chief economist Lawrence Yun wasn’t optimistic about the near future, either. “Declining housing affordability conditions are likely responsible for the bulk of reduced contract activity’” he said. (But) “In addition, government and contract workers were on the sidelines with growing insecurity over lawmakers’ inability to agree on a budget. A broader hit on consumer confidence from general uncertainty also curbs major expenditures such as home purchases.”

The government shutdown really weighed on confidence indexes.  The Conference Board’s confidence index fell to 71.2 from a revised 80.2. With an 11 point drop, the dip is the largest since 12 points in January, a month that was also hit by a fiscal standoff in Washington.

Graph: Econoday

But the drop was mainly in expectations, which could reverse if some agreement is reached on a new federal budget by the December 15 deadline.  The component for present situations continued to show much less volatility, at 70.7 versus 73.5 for what is a 4th straight reading over 70—“a trend that is consistent with steady and soft month-on-month growth for the economy,” said Econoday. 

A negative on the present situation side was a sharp 2.2 percentage point rise to 35.8 percent for those that said jobs fewer jobs were available. This suggests another month of weakness for monthly payroll growth.

Consumer confidence powers much more than home sales, of course.  Retail sales are also growing just 4 percent per annum with the holiday season approaching, when 6 to 8 percent is the normal sales’ rate if consumers feel more confident.  Retail sales don’t adjust for inflation, so ‘real’ retail sales after inflation are rising just over 2 percent. This has to mean government dysfunction is definitely affecting consumer spending overall that powers some 70 percent of economic activity.

Harlan Green © 2013

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: www.twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Inflation Is Not The Problem

Popular Economics Weekly

All the talk that QE3 is about to end centers on when the Fed believes inflation will become a problem. Fed Chairman Bernanke doesn’t believe inflation will be a problem, as long as wages aren’t growing. And wages can’t even keep up with inflation at present, as he said in his latest congressional Q&A.

“There's a distinction between prices being high and prices rising...(cost of living) isn't going up, it's high, it's not going up. In other words, real wages are going down because even though inflation is very low wages have been growing slower than inflation.”

Graph: Econoday

This is substantially below the Fed’s target inflation rate of 2 to 2.5 percent, which is the level that shows sustained economic growth, according to the Fed. The reason for the spike in monthly CPI was energy prices, and the summer driving season. By major components outside the core, energy spiked 3.4 percent, following a partial rebound of 0.4 percent in May.  Gasoline surged 6.3 after no change in May.  The food component rebounded 0.2 percent, following a dip of 0.1 percent in May.

The Conference Board’s Index of Leading Economic Indicators (LEI) also mirrors the ongoing weak economic growth. The weak portions were in stagnant stock prices and building permits, while the positive contributors were higher long term interest rates (which predicts future growth), the leading credit index (more debt), lower average weekly initial claims for unemployment insurance, higher average consumer expectations for business conditions and manufacturers’ new orders for consumer goods and materials.  The factory workweek was a zero contribution.

Graph: Econoday

Right now, therefore, industrial production seems to be the main culprit, rather than the service sector, because of subdued exports. The Empire State and Philly Fed manufacturing surveys were slightly positive, but overall production has trended downward.

Graph: Econoday

So we can say that inflation should not be a problem for some time. Real inflation could even be years away, given that overall household incomes have shrunk 10 percent since 2000.  That means the decline in wages and salaries is the real problem holding back sustainable domestic growth.  Then the question becomes how to gain back some of that wealth?

Harlan Green © 2013

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: www.twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Housing Prices at Seven-Year High

The Mortgage Corner

The S&P Case-Shiller Home Price Index just reported home prices were accelerating strongly going into  a very strong April start to the Spring housing season. The Case-Shiller 20-city data show a very strong 1.1 percent monthly adjusted increase in March home prices for a fourth straight gain over 1.0 percent which is the strongest run since the boom days of 2005. The year-on-year increase of 10.9 percent is the first double-digit gain since May 2006.

Graph: Econoday

The prices in last week's new and existing home sales show recovery-best gains and even record gains, as we said last week, tied to lack of homes on the market. Price data for these reports are not based on repeat transactions, unlike Case-Shiller data that confirm strong gains going into April.

One reason for the strong showing in housing is consumer confidence is returning to pre-recession levels. It works both ways. Rising home prices and a rising stock market are two key factors that are boosting consumer confidence, which further boosts confidence. A third factor is rising strength in the jobs market.

Graph: Econoday

The Conference Board reported its consumer confidence index jumped 7.2 points in May to a recovery best level of 76.2. Adding to the general showing of strength is a 9 tenths upward revision to April to 69.0. The assessment of the present situation is at a recovery best of 66.7, up nearly 6 points from April in a reading that hints at broad strength for May's run of economic data. This run includes jobs as more say jobs are plentiful, 10.8 percent vs April's 9.7 percent, and fewer say jobs are hard to get, at 36.1 percent for an 8 tenth improvement from April's 36.9 percent.

Says Lynn Franco, Director of Economic Indicators at The Conference Board: “Consumer Confidence posted another gain this month and is now at a five-year high (Feb. 2008, Index 76.4). Consumers’ assessment of current business and labor-market conditions was more positive and they were considerably more upbeat about future economic and job prospects. Back-to-back monthly gains suggest that consumer confidence is on the mend and may be regaining the traction it lost due to the fiscal cliff, payroll-tax hike, and sequester.”

Consumers’ outlook for the labor market was also more upbeat, said the Conference Board report. Those expecting more jobs in the months ahead improved to 16.8 percent from 14.3 percent, while those expecting fewer jobs decreased to 19.7 percent from 21.8 percent. The proportion of consumers expecting their incomes to increase dipped slightly to 16.6 percent from 16.8 percent, while those expecting a decrease edged down to 15.3 percent from 15.9 percent.

Meanwhile, we also reported last week that according to the First Look report for April by Lender Processing Services (LPS), the percent of loans delinquent decreased in April compared to March, and declined about 10 percent year-over-year, reports Calculated Risk. Also the percent of loans in the foreclosure process declined further in April and were down almost 25 percent over the last year.

All these factors point to a much stronger housing market this year. After all, housing prices are still some 28 percent below their housing bubble high in 2006, according to Case-Shiller.

Harlan Green © 2013

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: www.twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Fourth Quarter Economic Growth Higher

Popular Economics Weekly

We are seeing a boost in Q4 economic growth, in spite of “fiscal cliff” worries. Service sector growth has increased significantly, job formation is accelerating, and real estate is coming back to life, thanks mostly to more jobs.

The service sector is our largest business sector and its ISM's non-manufacturing index rose five tenths to 54.7 with business activity over 60 for the first time since February. New orders are near 60 at 58.1 for a more than three point gain and the best reading since March. But employment is barely over 50, at 50.3 for a nearly five point monthly dip for the worst reading since July. Businesses are doing more with less as seen in this morning's productivity report and in the details of this report. But still, the gain in activity and orders is good news and other indicators show jobs increasing.

Graph: Econoday

The Non-Manufacturing Business Activity Index registered 61.2 percent, which is 5.8 percentage points higher than the 55.4 percent reported in October, reflecting growth for the 40th consecutive month. The New Orders Index increased by 3.3 percentage points to 58.1 percent. And overall growth is accelerating.

Graph: Econoday

Even more important was the upward revision in Q3 Gross Domestic Product growth to 2.7 percent, which will boost fourth quarter growth as well. Real GDP growth for the third quarter was revised up significantly because of a large inventory buildup, rather than increased sales.  But the Commerce Department raised the second estimate to 2.7 percent annualized, from the advance estimate of 2.0 and second quarter rate of 1.3 percent.

And we know that real estate activity has picked up, because housing prices are rising. The Case-Shiller Index has been rising since January. Improvement was really evident in the year-on-year rate which is up to plus 3.0 percent from plus 2.2 and plus 1.1 percent in the prior two months. Gains were in nearly all 20 cities, with Phoenix and San Diego prices rising the most.

Graph: Econoday

And the Conference Board’s consumer confidence index in November was steady and firm with buying plans for homes a special positive. The consumer confidence index rose to a new recovery high of 73.7 in November from an upwardly revised 73.1 in October. Strength was centered in the expectations component which is up 1.1 points to 85.1.

Graph: Econoday

Lastly, the most positive indicator of future sales is pending home sales up a very strong 5.2 percent even with the impact of Hurricane Sandy.  This is based on only a fractional decline in the Northeast, at least in the October report. The Midwest showed a very strong gain as did the South. The NAR’s October pending home sales index is at a five-year high.

Graph: Econoday

Real estate has seen falling foreclosure inventories, as well. And Hurricane Sandy will give a big boost to reconstruction of much of the Atlantic seacoast, boosting construction employment. So 2013 could be a very good year for economic growth, if as I believe any fiscal cliff issues will be resolved sometime early next year.

Harlan Green © 2012

National Home Prices (Finally) Recovering

The Mortgage Corner

Is the end of the housing bust in sight?  The Case-Shiller Home Price Index reported the fourth consecutive year-over-year (YoY) gain in their house price indexes since 2010 - and the increase back in 2010 was related to the housing tax credit. Excluding the tax credit, the previous YoY increase was back in 2006. The YoY increase in September suggests that house prices probably bottomed earlier this year.

And this is the slow time of year when families that have already moved to put their children in new school districts. It really means that those at the bottom of the housing bubble—Las Vegas (up 1.4 percent, 3.8 percent YoY), Phoenix (up 1.1 percent, 20.4 percent YoY), San Diego (up 1.4 percent, 4.1 percent YoY)—are finally seeing some relief from the worst economic slump since the Great Depression.

Graph: Calculated Risk

“Home prices rose in the third quarter, marking the sixth consecutive month of increasing prices,” says David M. Blitzer, Chairman of the Index Committee at S&P Dow Jones Indices. “In September’s report all three headline composites and 17 of the 20 cities gained over their levels of a year ago. Month-over-month, 13 cities and both Composites posted positive monthly gains.”

The Federal Housing Finance Authority (FHFA) house price index posted also another monthly increase in September. This measure is up 4.4 percent YOY, a bigger YOY gain than the 3 percent rise in the Case-Shiller index. Also, the FHFA index is down just 16 percent from its peak, about half the cumulative decline in the Case-Shiller gauge. Most of the discrepancy reflects the fact that the FHFA index is much less affected by distress sales, since it covers only properties financed with conventional GSE mortgages (Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac), which have more stringent qualification guidelines.

This may be because of the continuing rise in consumer confidence. The Conference Board’s Consumer Confidence survey rose again with buying plans for homes a special positive, said the report. The consumer confidence index rose to a new recovery high of 73.7 in November from an upwardly revised 73.1 in October. Strength is centered in the expectations component which is up 1.1 points to 85.1. The present situation component is down one tenth to 56.6.

Graph: Econoday

A major reason for the increased confidence is a jump in those who expect to buy a house in the next six months. This is the latest indication of building momentum for the housing sector. Inflation expectations are another plus in the report, down two tenths for the 12-month outlook to 5.6 percent in what is a reflection of falling gas prices.

California is also doing well. I reported last week that Southern California home sales also rose sharply in October as move-up buyers joined investors, according to San Diego-based DataQuick, shifting the mix of homes selling upward as foreclosure resales hit a five-year low. Southern California's real estate market bucked the typical fall slowdown last month, with buyers snapping up pricier homes and sales roaring up 18 percent over the prior month.

Sales hit a three-year high for an October, rising 25 percent from the same month last year. The median sale price for a Southland house last month was $315,000, equal to September and up 17 percent from October 2011.

Harlan Green © 2012

More Jobs Equals Happier Consumers

Popular Economics Weekly

It is not secret by now that whoever convinces the majority they are the best jobs creator will win the Presidential election. Today’s 171,000 payroll increase with upward revisions for the past 2 months may tilt things slightly in President Obama’s direction. The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for August was revised from +142,000 to +192,000, and the change for September was revised from +114,000 to +148,000, which hugely increases the monthly average in the fall after a spring lull.

Graph: CBPP

In other words, employers are finally realizing this recovery is for real, regardless of the ‘fiscal cliff’ outcome. What are the nay sayers worst fears? That restoring Clinton-era tax rates will reduce the deficit! Monthly job growth has averaged 173,000 over the past four months compared to a 67,000 average in the April-to-June period, says WSJ Marketwatch.

The civilian labor force rose by 578,000 to 155.6 million in October, and the labor force participation rate edged up to 63.8 percent. Total employment rose by 410,000 over the month. The employment-population ratio was essentially unchanged at 58.8 percent, following an increase of 0.4 percentage point in September.

Graph: Econoday

That may be why consumers are cheering up. The Conference Board’s October consumer confidence index improved to a reading of 72.2, up from 68.4 in September. The present situation index increased to 56.2 from 48.7, a huge jump, while expectations climbed to 82.9 from 81.5 last month. Consumer confidence is now at its highest level this year.

Or, it could be housing prices have been rising this year. The Case-Shiller Home Price Index showed prices rising in 19 of the 20 cities surveyed. On a year-ago basis, the 20-city index is up 2.0 percent, following 1.2 percent in August, Not Seasonally Adjusted.

Graph: Econoday

Either way, the economy is expanding fast enough to warrant hiring more workers, and consumers know that. Add in the jump in personal incomes, which are now increasing more than 2 percent per year (though 3 percent plus needed to bring back full employment), and we may have a very good 2013.

Harlan Green © 2012

Jobs Picture Much Better Than Forecast

Popular Economics Weekly

The Bureau of Labor Statistics gave markets a shot of good news recently, when it revised the one year March-to-March 2012 jobs totals upward by 32,000 per month. This was huge and showed much better jobs growth than initially forecast by the Labor Dept., with the private sector providing 453,000 additional jobs March-to-March Q1, and a 386,000 net total with government job losses included. We have to wait until this Friday to know if September’s unemployment report more accurately reflects the current unemployment picture.

Graph: Calculated Risk

In fact, we may be seeing the BLS under estimating job formation again this year, as Q2 job growth was less, but all indicators are that it will improve this fall. For instance, weekly initial jobless claims fell a very sharp 26,000 to 359,000 in the week of Sept. 22, while consumers are spending more going into the holidays and the latest manufacturing report was very positive with increased hiring. The largest upward revisions were in Trade, Transportation, and Utilities, followed by Construction, Leisure and Hospitality jobs.

The ISM manufacturing index saw a huge boost after 3 down months to a 51.5 percent reading for manufacturing activity.

Graph: Econoday

Details back the optimism with new orders, at 52.3, showing solid growth. Employment is the big plus in the September report, rising 3.1 points to a 54.7 level that indicates a surprisingly brisk pace of hiring. Negatives include a fourth month of contraction for new export orders, which reflects weak global markets, and a sixth straight contraction in total backlog orders.

Another sign of improving jobs picture was the jump in consumer optimism. The Conference Board’s consumer confidence index showed the consumer mood improved in September, jumping a very strong nine points to 70.3. This was the best reading since February and the third best reading of the whole recovery, said Econoday.

This report stressed the consumer's improved assessment of the jobs market. Those saying jobs are currently hard to get fell seven tenths to 39.9 percent, which is the best reading since April. Those saying that jobs are plentiful rose, up 1.1 percentage points to a still however very modest 8.3 percent. Backing up these current readings was strength in the consumer's outlook for the jobs market where more see more jobs ahead and substantially fewer see fewer jobs.

So we have reason to believe both jobs and economic growth will accelerate in the coming months. Then there is the Federal Reserve’s commitment to keep interest rates at historic lows for as long as it takes to bring the unemployment rate down to more acceptable levels, such as 6 percent. This will not be easy, with Bernanke warning that the deadlocked Congress needs to provide some fiscal stimulus as well. We know austerity doesn’t work from the European example.

Harlan Green © 2012

Increased Consumer Spending a Good Sign

Financial FAQs

The most recent retail sales show consumers are able to spend more, even as they borrow more. Add to that credit card delinquencies are at an 18-year low, according to credit reporting company Transunion Corp., and we have a picture of an improving economy. This is, the fact that consumers can continue to cure their debt problems, while spending more, is a good sign.

"The national credit card delinquency rate continues to remain at the lowest levels we've observed in 18 years," said Ezra Becker, vice president of research and consulting in TransUnion's financial services business unit. "It's a positive situation because average borrower balances have increased over the past year as new card originations have grown."

Graph: Econoday

Retail sales soared in July. Total sales rose 0.8 percent for the strongest rise since February with ex-auto sales also up 0.8 percent for, again, the best showing since February. All components show gains including motor vehicles, general merchandise, health & personal care, furniture, and restaurants. Clothing also shows a significant gain, one that points to strength for the back-to-school season. Ex-auto ex-gas the gain is 0.9 percent for the best showing since January, said Econoday.

This was predicted by the surge in consumer borrowing. Total credit outstanding rose $6.5 billion in June, following a $16.7 billion jump the month before, reported the Federal Reserve. The latest gain was led by non-revolving credit, gaining $10.2 billion in June after a $9.2 billion rise in May. Non-revolving credit is mostly for motor vehicle purchases and student loans.

 

Graph: Econoday

What is behind greater consumer spending is the consumer feels better about the economy despite the recent run up in gasoline prices. Apparently it is due to a somewhat improved jobs picture with 163,000 net payroll jobs created in July. Strength was in the consumer's assessment of current conditions which was up solidly at 87.6 versus July's 82.7. This gain also underscores the improvement seen in weekly jobless claims, which are now down in the 350,000 range from more than 400,000 last year.

Graph: Econoday

So there are signs that the recovery may be gaining a little more strength—emphasis on little, however.  The Conference Board’s July index of leading economic indicators rebounded 0.4 percent, offsetting the June decline of 0.4 percent. It is at its highest level since February 2007, which should boost consumer confidence even higher.

Graph: Econoday

The improvement in jobless claims, which points to improvement in underlying job growth, together with improvement in building permits led the increase in the overall index with each component having a contribution of 0.18 percentage points.

Also with positive contributions were the report's credit reading, the stock market, and the report's imputed readings for new orders on both consumer and capital goods which are government data that have yet to be released, said Econoday.

So July was a good month for consumers, and points to further economic improvement for holiday retail sales, which should drive economic growth for the rest of the year. So consumers seem to be focusing more on improving their own financial condition, rather than the discouraging news about China, Europe, and a deadlocked Congress.

Harlan Green © 2012

Why the Summer Growth Slowdown?

Financial FAQs

The summer growth numbers seem weak, and pundits are saying it’s due to the European recession (so lower exports), the ‘fiscal cliff’(employers uncertain about future growth), and consumers with too much debt. But the numbers really show a repeat of last summer, when hiring slowed due to basically the same worries but picked up again in the fall (due to the Japanese Tsunami instead of euro, and debt cap stalemate that downgraded U.S. debt).

However, overall growth is still weak because so much income has been transferred to the wealthiest; particularly since 2000 and the Bush tax breaks, leaving middle class earners with even less income than in 2000. In fact, middle incomes have not even kept up with inflation since 2000. And middle income earners—i.e., most consumers—have been the main engine of U.S. growth since World War II.

Graph: CBPP

The good news is the Conference Board’s Index of Leading Economic Indicators which seems to alternate in up and down months, still shows moderate growth prospects for the rest of the year.

Graph: Econoday

For instance, since July 2011 growth in the Coincident Indicators that tracks GDP growth has been positive 8 of the past 12 months, with huge spikes in October and December 2011 and only 1 negative month in March 2012. The Leading Indicator that attempts to predict growth over the next 6 months was more negative with 4 contractions in 12 months. But in fact, the Leading Indicator has grown 1 percent in the past 6 months, up from 0.5 percent over the prior 6 months, signaling better prospects for growth.

So why all the fears of a dismal rest of the year? Could it be the 24/7 news cycle that exaggerates both the good and bad news? That is what causes most ‘bubbles’, according to Robert Shiller of Irrational Exuberance fame. We are literally being showered with too much economic data that even economists are hard put to understand.

For instance, other indicators also point to better growth in the fall. By major components, June industrial production gained 0.7 percent after falling 0.7 percent in May, according to the Fed. Motor vehicles output added significantly to manufacturing, rebounding 1.9 percent in June after a 2.2 percent decline in May. Manufacturing excluding motor vehicles was quite strong also gaining 0.6 percent in June, following a 0.5 percent drop in May.

Graph: Econoday

So once again growth far outnumbers contraction in the manufacturing sector, with just 4 contractions in the past 17 months. So it seems rumor drives much of business and consumer confidence, as Europe’s problems seem to be affecting U.S. growth, but know one knows how much. So it is all about ‘momentum”, the magic word that spurred so much inflated stock values in the last decade, but now seems to deflate expectations for future growth!

What to do about this? Firstly, we need to counter the pessimists with greater stimulus spending, which more than pays for itself in increased activity. It can even be revenue neutral. For the real reason growth has been so tardy is most of the profits from the past 10 years of growth have gone to the wealthiest, thanks both to record corporate profits, and record tax cuts for the investor class, as I said—the lowest tax rates since the 1920s—that have drastically lowered tax revenues and increased the federal deficit.

So right now, it is the intransigence of many of the richest among us (such as Mitt Romney with his tax havens) who refuse to divert some of their wealth to provide more stimulus during a time of record income inequality. It is their refusal to return to the pre-Bush, Clinton-era taxation levels of 1992-2000 when most growth occurred and most jobs were created, in other words, that is holding back a real recovery.

Harlan Green © 2012

2012 Will Be Better

Popular Economics Weekly

The elements seem to be in place for a better 2012 economy, despite the euro worries, budget deficits, and 8.6 percent jobless rate. Why?  Banks are lending again, and it was the tight bank credit after bursting of the housing bubble that basically stopped businesses from growing.  Banks stopped lending because of their losses from the Great Recession, which finally ended in June 2009.

After three years of Scrooge-like underwriting following 2008's financial crisis, banks have turned on the spigot, boosting lending at annual rates as high as 8.2 percent since July, according to Federal Reserve statistics.

Lending had fallen from mid-2008 through this year's second quarter, deepening what became the worst recession since the Great Depression. The data seem to allay fears that making banks keep more capital on their books as a cushion against future downturns and loan losses will take away the cash flow businesses need to keep the recovery moving.

Even small businesses have seen a difference, says Bill Dunkelberg, chief economist of the National Federation of Independent Business. In a monthly NFIB survey, only 3 percent of small-business owners say lack of credit is their most important problem, trailing taxes, regulation and still-sluggish demand, and small business accounts.

Then the Conference Board’s Index of Leading Economic Indicators continues to show 3 percent plus GDP growth for the next 6 months.

Graph: Wrightson ICAP

The LEI is a weighted gauge of 10 indicators designed to signal business cycle peaks and troughs. Among the 10 indicators that make up the LEI, seven made positive contributions in November. The index rose a very solid 0.5 percent following October's 0.9 percent surge. The leading positive is the rate spread which reflects the Federal Reserve's zero interest rate policy, said its press release. The second positive is building permits which appear to be building steam in what is very good news for the construction sector.

Consumer expectations are also a big positive in the month and judging from this month’s consumer sentiment report look to be a big positive for December. Another positive that's likely to extend through this month is the November improvement in jobless claims which gave the fifth strongest contribution to the month's 0.5 percent gain.

The sharp decline in weekly initial unemployment insurance jobless claims means fewer workers are being fired. Layoffs are on a steady decline in what is good news for the jobs market and for the December employment report. Initial claims fell for a third week in a row, down 4,000 to a much lower-than-expected level of 364,000 (prior week revised to 368,000 for a 17,000 decline). The four-week average is also down for a third week in a row and down for six of the last seven, declining 8,000 to 380,250 which is the lowest level of the recovery.

Graph: Econoday

Both the University of Michigan and Conference Board sentiment surveys continue to improve. The U. of Michigan reading implies a very strong 72.1 over the last two weeks which points to momentum for January. The bulk of the gain is centered in expectations, at 63.6 in December for a more than eight point monthly gain that points further to momentum in the New Year. The assessment of current conditions, likely held down by bad news out of Europe, rose only two points in the month to 79.6.

Graph: Inside Debt

The New York-based Conference Board said that its December Consumer Confidence Index rose almost 10 points to 64.5, up from 55.2 in November. The surge builds on another big increase in November, when the index rose almost 15 points from the month before.

One likely positive for sentiment is improvement in the jobs market as well as the stock market which has been on the recovery, said Econoday. Another positive may be gasoline prices which, despite $100 oil, are on the decline. One-year inflation expectations eased one tenth in the month to 3.1 percent with five-year expectations unchanged at 2.7 percent.

Small businesses are important because they account for 70 percent of new jobs. Though slack demand is still making entrepreneurs wary of borrowing, says NFIB chief economist William Dunkelberg: Only 12 percent think business will be better in 12 months than it is now. “Two-thirds of business owners say, “Who wants a loan?” says Dunkelberg, who is chairman of a small Pennsylvania bank. “In thirty years, I’ve never seen anything like it. The banks all have money to lend, but there’s a shortage of eligible customers coming in.”

Small businesses are the key, so we know the recovery will become sustainable if they can continue to borrow. Increased bank lending is a sign of increased demand for products and services in 2012, a good sign for all businesses.

Harlan Green © 2011

How Do We Put Americans Back to Work?

Financial FAQs

It’s becoming evident that rather than the political gridlock, such as the congressional supercommittee’s obsession with spending cuts, we need to worry about economic growth and jobs. And there are some very good ideas on how to do that, such as in President Bill Clinton’s newest book, “Back to Work”. And economists such as Christina Romer, former Chairman of Obama’s Council of Economic Advisors, in a recent New York Times Op-ed are pleading with the Fed’s Ben Bernanke to actually target a growth rate that will both create jobs and keep inflation within a manageable range.

What? You mean the Federal Reserve’s QE-1, 2, and 3 buying of securities wasn’t doing just that? Well, no. It has accomplished the goal of keeping both short and long term interest rates low, but that hasn’t done anything for setting expectations of higher growth. In fact, the Fed just downgraded its own predictions of future growth. If anything, such low interest rates reflect deflationary expectations, which is the real problem. Companies won’t hire if they can’t raise prices, while consumers’ incomes fall in such an environment, stifling demand.

Dr. Romer and other major economists are beginning to insist the Fed should actually set what is called ‘nominal’ (i.e., before inflation accounted for) Gross Domestic Product growth target at the long term growth rate of around 5 percent. That way, expectations are raised for economic growth, without abandoning an inflation target of say, 2 percent, the current Fed inflation target.

How else can we boost demand for goods and services that is the actual driver of economic growth? We have discussed in a prior column how necessary it is for consumers—who power 70 percent of growth—to spend more, which in turn creates greater demand, which in turn creates more jobs in a virtuous circle. They won’t if their confidence remains low, which surveys show causes them to spend less.

Former President Clinton has much more to say in “Back to Work” that directly addresses how to put Americans back to work, and he should know. “..during my administration we had four surplus budgets and began to pay down the national debt,” he says; “we eliminated sixteen thousand pages of federal regulations; we cut taxes on the middle class, working families of modest means, and income from capital gains; we reduced the size of the federal workforce to its lowest level since 1960, and the economy produced 22.7 million new jobs.”

How did he do it? By emphasizing cooperation rather than competition between government and the private sector. “I believe the only way we can keep the American Dream alive for all Americans and continue to be the world’s leading force for freedom and prosperity, peace and security,” said Clinton, “is to have both a strong, effective private sector and a strong, effective government that work together to promote an economy of good jobs, rising incomes, increasing exports, and greater energy independence.”

Why is strong government so important? It is what engenders both business and consumer confidence, which are still at record lows. And without that confidence, consumers won’t spend to keep up demand, as we said, and businesses won’t hire in anticipation of higher growth.

Confidence from both the Conference Board and University Michigan surveys has remained at recession levels since 2008, really. And we know major reasons for such low confidence are both political gridlock, and the S&P downgrade of U.S. Treasury bonds to AA+. This is what it means to lose confidence in our institutions, readers. Also, the subprime debacle that brought on the housing bubble caused a major loss of confidence in our Too Big To Fail financial institutions, which were allowed to gamble with their investors’ monies, and then be bailed out by taxpayer money.

But the confidence measures have stood in contrast to strength in consumer spending. If recent gains for confidence can be extended in the weeks ahead, the economic outlook as well as expectations for holiday shopping will improve. Some thawing in the jobs market may be helping with sentiment, says Econoday.

So confidence has to be restored in all of our institutions if we want to bring back economic growth. “What’s the smart, effective way to do that?” asks Clinton. “With a strong economy and a strong government working together to advance shared opportunity, shared responsibility, and shared prosperity? Or with a weak government and powerful interest groups who scorn shared prosperity in favor of winner take all until it’s all gone?”

Studies have shown that only by sharing prosperity can we really create strong economic growth. And right now we rank near the bottom ranks of nations in income inequality, according to the much cited CIA World Factbook.  So there is a lot of work to be done to restore confidence in Americans’ future.

Harlan Green © 2011