Biden vs. Trump Presidency

 Popular Economics Weekly

“The Producer Price Index for final demand increased 1.4 percent in April, seasonally adjusted, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Final demand prices advanced 0.7 percent in March and 0.6 percent in February. The April increase is the largest advance since rising 1.7 percent in March 2022.” BLS.gov

FREDppi

Trump’s economy vs. Biden’s? It’s no contest. Trump made his major reelection campaign about attacking Biden’s inflation problem, yet the latest wholesale and retail inflation data show President Biden has easily won the inflation battle, as well as that for job creation and economic growth.

The retail Consumer Price Index is the highest in three years, and the wholesale Producer Price Index pictured above is now the highest in four years on Trump’s watch.

There’s no contest with job creation and economic growth as well. A total 234,000 payrolls jobs were added in December 2024, Biden’s last month in office; more than the 181,000 jobs that were created in all of Trump’s first year.

That’s because of Trump’s mismanagement of the illegal tariff war on the rest of the world, the 43-day government shutdown over Obama insurance subsidies (longest in history) that temporally laid off millions of workers and the immigrant deportations.

The illegal tariffs began the inflation surge we are seeing today in import prices. “The 12-month rise in U.S. import prices was the largest over-the-year advance since the index increased 4.2 percent for the year ended October 2022,” per the BLS.

This will also make it even more difficult to lower interest rates in 2026 for the Federal Reserve under new Republican Chairman Kevin Warsh. In fact, the Fed may have to raise their rates if inflation continues to rise and becomes unmanageable as happened during Biden’s term.

That’s because we are not yet accounting for the damage from the Iran war that is elevating prices for all the petroleum byproducts important for jobs and economic growth that are sure to seep into the inflation numbers.

Even if the Iran war is settled soon, predictions are it may take at least one year for a return to normal traffic in the Gulf and Hurmuz Strait that supplies at least 20 percent of the world’s petroleum.

The damage to jobs and economic growth in Trump’s first year shows the extremes to which Republicans will go to ignore basic economic principles (e.g., tariffs are a tax on consumers and producers) to protect their tax cuts.

Even higher inflation is sure to follow. The energy sector is already being hit with higher gas and diesel prices The AI buildout will increase the demand for electricity as the huge AI energy generation centers kick in from the $billions being invested, while Trump continues to cancel more alternative energy solar and wind projects that provide cheaper electricity.

From the start of the Biden presidency through December 2024, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) recorded an increase of about 16.1 million jobs, the highest total during a presidential term in history, equal to 336,000 per month (my emphasis).

And economic growth averaged more than 3 percent during his four years because of bipartisan plans to modernize the American economy.

What happened on Trump’s watch? Republicans have paid the economic price for refusing to compromise. America’s electorate came to believe that Republicans knew more about economic growth and what it takes to lower everyday prices for Americans.

Harlan Green © 2026

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Consumers In A Strait Jacket

Popular Economics Weekly

“The Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) increased 0.6 percent on a seasonally adjusted basis in April, after rising 0.9 percent in March, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the last 12 months, the all items index increased 3.8 percent before seasonal adjustment. BLS.gov

FREDcpi

The Consumer Price Index for retail goods is the highest in three years and a reason the recent (December) Harris poll for The Guardian says 57 percent of Americans believe the U.S. is already in a recession—despite last week’s strong unemployment report and initial Q1 2026 2% economic growth.

One of the reasons for the inflation upsurge is the Hormuz Strait blockade by the U.S. and Iran as President Trump attempts to squeeze Iranian oil exports, when President Trump has said many times in many confusing ways the Iran war is over? We might find out after the Chinese summit.

That’s because China imports 40-50 percent of its oil via the Hormuz Strait according to most experts. And it’s almost the only leverage Trump has in his negotiations with Chairman Xi over the stranglehold Xi has on strategic minerals that make things like super magnets to power computers and jet fighters.

Food prices as well as that for petroleum products have a huge impact on inflation, per the CPI.  It’s the everyday items like food that are depressing American consumers big time.

· The index for food rose 0.5 percent in April after being unchanged in March. Five of the six major grocery store food group indexes increased in April.

· The index for meats, poultry, fish, and eggs increased 1.3 percent over the month as the index for beef rose 2.7 percent.

· The fruits and vegetables index increased 1.8 percent in April and the nonalcoholic beverages index rose 1.1 percent.

· The index for dairy and related products increased 0.8 percent over the month and the index for cereals and bakery products rose 0.1 percent in April.

The University of Michigan Sentiment Survey tells us why Americans are depressed:

“About one-third of consumers spontaneously mentioned gasoline prices and about 30% mentioned tariffs. Taken together, consumers continue to feel buffeted by cost pressures, led by soaring prices at the pump. Middle East developments are unlikely to meaningfully boost sentiment until supply disruptions have been fully resolved and energy prices fall,” said survey director Joanne Hsu

And when will that happen? I believe Trump is using the blockade to pressure China on trade concessions, rather than Iran; which is one reason he keeps belittling Iran’s efforts at ending the blockade. Iran is only important as a means of holding China’s feet to the fire on the Hormuz Strait.

Although it’s in both China and America’s best interest to conclude a trade treaty asap, and then work to re-open the Strait, it could still take months to finalize. And before gas prices and inflation begin to come down.

Harlan Green © 2026

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Stagflation Isn't Going Away

Financial FAQs

“The number of job openings was unchanged at 6.9 million in March, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires increased to 5.6 million while total separations changed little at 5.4 million. Within separations, both quits (3.2 million) and layoffs and discharges (1.9 million) were little changed.’ BLS.gov

FREDjolts

The FRED graph of the JOLTS report (U.S. Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey) shows the sharp decline in the number of job openings from its high of 12 million openings in 2022 at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. This is another sign of stagnating growth. And though stocks continue to rally to new highs, interest rates are also rising, a sign of higher inflation.

Now combine no new job growth with rising inflation and we have further signs of stagflation, the combination that stopped economic growth for most of the 1970s. It has hovered around 7 million job openings during Trump’s second term because of Donald Trump’s almost single-minded job-killing policies.

It’s not just the illegal on-again, off-again tariffs that disrupt supply chains, but the immigration sweeps taking tens of thousands of workers out of their jobs and off the streets. And most of them pay taxes that would help in reducing our record federal debt.

Cap that with all the DOGE job cuts that have eviscerated the Labor Department responsible for enforcing OSHA worker safety laws and union wage negotiations. Millions have also lost their insurance coverage because Republicans blocked renewal of subsidies that made it affordable to ordinary non-seniors.

Job formation is now at a standstill because of Trump’s anti-labor antics. It’s mostly pure greed that motivates Republicans these days who have cut social services to the bone to pay for their tax cuts.

And there is plenty of time for stagflation to worsen as a semi-permanent feature of Trumponomics, his version of Reagonomics trickle-down economic policies, since Trump has three more years.

Inflation doesn’t disappear when economic growth picks up that is inflating stock prices. All the AI investing will ultimately increase productivity in factories that make cheaper products and need fewer workers. But who will buy its products with fewer employed workers, hence consumers, to buy its products?

Nobel Laureate economist Paul Krugman has pointed out the damage Republican economic policies have done to the health and welfare of Americans and American workers, as well that lessens their productivity because more sick days means time lost from the workplace.

“There is a strong correlation between right-wing politics and increased mortality — stronger than many of the statistical associations that guide public health policy. Deep red states like Alabama and West Virginia have life expectancy comparable to, say, Kazakhstan.”

I’ve written in the past about the dumbing down of the Republican electorate that is causing this; its refusal to rely on scientific knowledge, or support vaccines and publicly funded healthcare.

“We’re seeing the forces that keep U.S. life expectancy far below that in other rich countries, that cause Texans (for instance) to die younger than residents of Massachusetts, go into overdrive at a national level.”

This will cause the death of more Americans, further shrinking our available supply of workers. It’s already happened—just 15,000 new jobs per month were created in 2025. Professor Krugman warns the carnage will continue while inflation is soaring because of his many missteps.

“The consequences will be grim,” he warns.

Harlan Green © 2026

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Does Inflation Ever Come Down?

Popular Economics Weekly

“From the preceding month, the PCE price index for March increased 0.7 percent. From the same month one year ago, the PCE price index for March increased 3.5 percent.” BEA.gov

FREDpce

Inflation is rising again, to no one’s surprise, from its low of 2.3 percent in April 2025 when Trump first announced his worldwide tariff hikes, to 3.5 percent in March this year. The reasons are clear, inflation is rising on Trump’s watch, not Biden’s.

And inflation almost never comes down without another recession. This is verified in the above graph of Federal Reserve’s preferred Personal Consumption Expenditure price index from 1980. The gray bars are the five recessions since 1980, and each clearly shows the beginning of the sharp downward move of prices in the PCE index

The only time prices have come down without a recession since then was during President Biden’s term—from its high in June 2022 to slightly above 3 percent at the end of his term.

Biden could do this because the Fed used its best tool to combat inflation; raising interest rates at the same time as Biden succeeded in lowering the federal debt by raising corporate taxes to counter the huge influx of government money injected into the economy ($5 trillion) from Biden’s bipartisan Infrastructure, Inflation Reduction and CHIPS Acts.

The bills were passed to inaugurate the biggest modernization of the U.S. economy since the Great Depression that employed a record number of workers.

So it is possible to bring down inflation without a recession. And there is substantial harm, especially to working Americans who face higher prices for basic necessities, such as gas and healthcare, for prolonging this inflation surge.

What had caused the five recessions since 1980? Republican administrations cut taxes without paying for them, ballooning the federal debt instead of reducing it. Recessions (gray bars) occurred in 1980, 1981, 1990, 2008-09, all during Republican administrations. The short 2000 recession happened because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

This is an unnecessary inflation surge, in other words. It’s because of multiple wars being fought and a Republican congress that will not curb a president who doesn’t care about the costs and harm he is doing to Americans and the American economy.

Harlan Green © 2026

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

Fitrst Quarter Economic Growth Improves

 Financial FAQs

Real gross domestic product (GDP) increased at an annual rate of 2.0 percent in the first quarter of 2026 (January, February, and March), according to the advance estimate released today by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. In the fourth quarter of 2025, real GDP increased 0.5 percent.

BEA.gov

“The U.S. economy has just powered through shock after shock,” was Fed Chair Powell’s summation of the state of the U.S. economy at his last press conference as Federal Reserve Chairmen.

First quarter 2026 real (inflation adjusted) GDP growth picked up +2.0% in the government’s first estimate, following +0.5% growth in Q4 2025, thanks to the $billions being spent in AI energy center build outs.

Kevin Warsh will take over as the new Fed Chairman in May, so there is speculation that he will push for easier monetary policy as President Trump’s pick for the new Fed Chairman by lowering the Fed’s interest rates and a more hands off management style.

Trump badly needs easy credit to maintain growth because of his economic mismanagement. A barely functioning government is either tied up in congress with the various shutdowns (last fall and current DHS funding), while illegal tariffs have choked supply chains.

Meanwhile, to Powell’s consternation, economic growth is picking up “through shock after shock”, from the Great Recession, COVID-19 pandemic, the 37-day fall government shutdown, tariffs, and the various wars that have caused energy prices to skyrocket.

The AI build out was predicted to boost growth, consumers continued to hold up their end, and government spent more on the Ukraine and Iran wars. The Defense Department reported the Iran war has already cost $25 billion in just the first two months.

And the financial markets continue to rally to new highs, so we are seeing some irrational exuberance, despite the game of chicken by Iran and Trump over the Hormuz Strait blockade. It’s obvious market investors continue to believe that Trump with his TACO policies will find a way to extricate American out of his latest war sooner rather than later.

But it also means $4 plus gas prices and soaring inflation for months to come. Even if the Iran war is settled sooner, predictions are that Middle East energy production won’t be restored to previous levels for at least one year.

The real problem is the Trump administration’s economic mistakes have taken us back to a Cold War economy—more military spending, fewer government social services, while endangering the good faith and credit of the U.S. federal government as the debt continues to balloon.

Something has to give, in other words. The financial markets won’t rally forever on the AI investment bubble, and consumers won’t keep shopping until they drop without an ensuing downturn.

The question is when on so many fronts. When will the wars end? When will enough consumers realize prices won’t come down and elect a congress that will control Trump’s extravagance and greed before he bankrupts the American economy?

When will it be one shock too many that drives us into another recession?

Harlan Green © 2026

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

How Do We Repair Our Economy?

Financial FAQs

“The time to repair the roof is when the sun is shining. [State of the Union Address January 11 1962]” President John F Kennedy

 

President Kennedy’s maxim at his 1962 State of the Union address—the almost universal truth that the time to ‘repair’ our economy is when times are good—may seem dated today. At one time it was possible, but not for everyone today.

We have record federal debt fueled by a succession of economic blows—sequential tax cuts that didn’t pay for themselves, recessions, the COVID-19 pandemic, high tariffs, and several wars over the past decades.

And foreign investors are fleeing U.S. government bond markets that literally finance one-quarter of our federal debt because of it, driving up interest rates. Our ballooning federal debt is fast crowding out other government spending; maybe even reducing social security benefits in about 10 years.

Now is the time to repair our economic ‘roof’ while times are good. We have soaring financial markets and 3% annual GDP growth rates that have powered economic growth of late to pay down the soaring federal debt that is already at World War II levels as a percentage of our Gross Domestic Product.

Alas, there is no agreement on how to repair our debt problem. This is while another war is creating a 1970’s-style stagflation that will add $trillions more to the deficit.

International Energy Agency (IEA) officials, such as Fatih Birol, say the current Iran crisis is more severe than the oil shocks of 1973 and 1979, and the 2022 Ukraine-war shock, combined.

And businesses are not hiring new workers because of the economic uncertainty. It is fostering what has been called “The Great Hesitation” by the Wall Street Journal.

The WSJ cited the Baker, Bloom and Davis Economic Policy Uncertainty Index, a widely watched measure of policy-related uncertainty, that has surged to levels “typically seen during situations like the 2008 financial crisis (i.e., Great Recession) and the early months of the Covid-19 pandemic.”

Republicans aren’t showing much concern about the expanded deficit on their watch. Firstly, the highest tariff taxes since 1930 at the onset of the Great Depression has sharply raised every day prices. And the Trump administration’s immigrant shutdown is depriving the U.S. economy of enough new workers to replenish our labor force.

This is in part because Trump and the Republican Party have been unable to rein in the blatant racism of its Christian Nationalists’ policy that has branded almost all immigrant as undesirables. It has brought immigration to a trickle that once averaged one million entrants per year.

Yet immigrants have literally been the life blood of our economy and seed of economic growth. Stanford Business School studies have shown that immigrants represent nearly a quarter of the U.S. workforce in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and more than a quarter of the nation’s Nobel Prize winners.

President Clinton was able to create actual budget surpluses in his last four years—from 1996-2000—by negotiating with congress to limit government spending on the military as well, until GW Bush busted the federal budget once again with Republican tax cuts while borrowing $trillions more to fight his wars on terror after the 9/11 attack.

How naïve President Kennedy sounds today when he said in 1962, “Members of the Congress, the Constitution makes us not rivals for power but partners for progress. We are all trustees for the American people, custodians of the American heritage.”

We need to repair more than the roof to survive as a democracy. But we must first realize we live under the same roof.

Harlan Green © 2026

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen

A Better World is Possible

 

Popular Economics Weekly

"Today we won because the Hungarian people didn't ask what their country could do for them, but what they could do for their country," Prime Minister Peter Magyar

NPR

I never thought I would see the most famous line from President John Fitzgerald Kennedy’s 1960 inauguration speech be adopted by another head of state, much less by a Kennedy look-alike of about the same age (45 years vs. JFK’s 43 years).

In a victory speech delivered to jubilant supporters on the banks of the Danube River, Magyar reiterated his promises to rebuild Hungary's ties with the European Union and NATO, root out corruption and cronyism and "restore the system of checks and balances," reported NPR.

Peter Magyar had just defeated Victor Orban, Hungary’s 16-year Prime Minister by a landslide, who was leader of the world’s so-called ‘illiberal’ democracies. Why did Orban lose, according to most commentators? It was the economy, “fueled largely by concerns about entrenched government corruption,” said NPR

Hungary had become the poorest member of the European Union with an inflation rate twice that of the EU average, and plunging economy growth.

“Hungary is the most corrupt state in the European Union, according to Transparency International, an organization that aims to combat corruption. The EU has blocked billions in funding to Orbán's government for its alleged assault on the bloc's principles of democracy and equality,” said NPR

So much for one-man rule. It’s a fact that other countries ruled by such autocrats are suffering the same fate as Hungary, such as Russia and Turkey, who had been suffering from slow growth and double-digit inflation for decades.

Why? Such rulers think they know better than the experts. President Trump’s playbook followed that of Orban with U.S. economic growth also plunging of late—mainly because of his Iran war that has shut down petroleum production in the Middle East. Who knows what’s to come?

The Atlanta Federal Reserve’s GDPNow estimate of first quarter (Q1) 2026 economic growth widely followed by economists has plunged from its high of 3 percent, where it had been sitting since January 2026, to 1.3 percent in the latest revision, I reported last week.

The cult-like glorification and rampant corruption of President Trump that is harming the U.S. economy is almost a photocopy of Orban’s rule—tearing down the White House East Wing for a ballroom, wanting an Arc de Triomphe, family and son-in-law being enriched by Middle East rulers, his Bit-coin ventures (with World Liberty Financial, founded in September 2024 with the Trump family owning 75 percent), per The Nation, pardoning literally thousands of convicted felons, including convicted drug kings, and most of all extorting wealth from institutions and Robber Baron’s alike in return for special treatment.

Let us hope Hungary’s new Prime Minister can follow the path of President Kennedy, who concluded his inauguration speech with a plea to the rest of the world: “My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of mankind.”

Harlan Green © 2026

Follow Harlan Green on Twitter: https://twitter.com/HarlanGreen